Rubbery polymers plasticized with thio derivatives of polychlorobenzenes



United States Pater 2,695,898 Patented Nov. 30, 1954 ftiee RUBBERY POLYMERS PLASTICIZED WITH THIO DERIVATIVES 0F POLYCHLOROBENZENES No Drawing. Application December 27, 1950, Serial No. 207,068

Claims priority, application Germany December 27, 1949 4 Claims. (Cl. 260-30.8)

The present invention relates to the plasticizing of rubber and rubber-like polymerizates and further relates to the reclaiming of their vulcanizates.

It is known that aromatic mercaptans, such as thiophenol or alkyl and/or trihalogen substitution products thereof and thionaphthols as well as their zinc salts promote the mastication of natural rubber and synthetic rubber-like butadiene-polymers at elevated temperatures. However, these compounds possess a very unpleasant odor which is chaarcteristic for mercaptans and, due to their more or less great volatility at the mastication temperatures usually employed, especially when simultaneously subjecting the rubber to mechanical treatment in the generally used aggregates, cause strong annoyances of the olfactory nerves and in most cases a dermatitis.

It has been found that penta-substituted thiophenols carryings at least 4 Cl-atoms in the nucleus, such as pentachloroand tetrachloro-alkythiophenols or the functional derivatives thereof, are excellent agents for plasticizing high polymeric plastics, such as unvulcanized natural rubber or synthetic rubber-like polymerizates, and for reclaiming vulcanizates thereof. The said pentasubstituted thiophenols are superior to the known aromatic mercaptans, since they show an excellent plasticizing effect by which they are distinguished despite their molecular enlargement and cause only a very weak annoyance of the olfactory nerves because they are only slightly volatile. The penta-substituted thiophenols carrying at least 4 Cl-atoms in the nucleus are further distinguished by their sulfhydryl group giving a considerably weaker reaction than the thiophenols usually employed.

When synthetic rubber-like butadiene polymers are plasv ticized with thiophenols by subjecting the polymers to a thermal treatment for a longer period than is necessary for accomplishing the desired plasticity, cyclization of the polymerizates cannot be avoided. However, on

using the penta-substituted thiophenols cyclization is i brought about only to an immaterial degree and when the S-acyl derivatives of said penta-substituted thiophenols are employed, cyclization does not occur at all. The penta-substituted thiophenols in the technically pure state already represent odorless compounds which give the known mercaptan reactions and are readily soluble in aromatic hydrocarbons. The functional derivatives of the said thiophenols which are capable of reforming the penta-substituted thiophenols by reduction, hydrolysis, or by disproportioning in the mastication are equally suited.

Another advantage of the new penta-substituted thiophenol plasticizers resides in the fact that they are effective at essentially lower temperatures than those applied when operating with the usual plasticizing agents. In some cases, a sufficient plasticizing effect is achieved simply at 80 to 95JC. Furthermore, the new plasticizing agents show the special advantage that the plasticizing starts almost immediately after beginning the treatment and after a short period a satisfactory plasticity is achieved. Therefore, when utilizing the plasticizers according to the present invention, plasticizing is achieved within a substantially short period. Furthermore, the new plasticizing agents which are almost odorless do not cause any health hazards e. g. skin diseases of the attendants handling therewith and are not toxic. Therefore, they are adapted for producing rubber articles intended for use in contact with foodstuffs. The fillers, antioxidants and accelerators with exception of the thiuram compounds, generally employed in the rubber industry as well as the other usual auxiliary agents do not affect the plasticizing procedure performed with the new pentasubstituted thiophenol compounds.

The new plasticizing agents correspond to the general formula RSX In this formula and in the following formulae R stands for CsCl5 or CsCLi-a1k.-, alk. representing an alkyl group with 1 to 8 C-atoms or more. X stands for hydrogen, ZnSR, COSR, a radical of aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acids, sulphonic acids or thiocarbamic acids, SnR (n=1 or 2), a lower radical of alkyl cyanide or the group /R1 C-SR wherein R1 may be hydrogen or alkyl, and R2 hydrogen, alkyl or aryl; the chains of the alkyl radicals may be interrupted by hetero atoms; the aryl radicals may be substituted.

According to the present invention the following pentasubstituted thiophenols or functional derivatives thereof are useful: penta-chloro-thiophenol, the zinc salt of pentachloro-thiophenol, pentachloro-thiophenyl acetic ester, pentachloro-thiophenyl propionic ester, the ester of pentachloro-thiophenol with the fatty acids of the first runnings of the parafiin oxidation, for instance, those with a carbon chain of about C8 to C12, pentachloro-thiophenyl stearic ester, pentachlorothiophenyl oleic ester, di-S-pentachloro-phenyl-thio oxalic ester, pentachloro-thiophenyl benzoic ester, pentachloro-thiophenyl dichloro-benzoic ester, pentachloro-thiophenylphthalic monomethyl ester, pentachloro thiophenyl naphthalene carboxylic ester, pentachloro-thiophenyl benzene sulfonic ester, pentachloro-thiophenyl toluene sulfonic ester, the esters of pcntachloro-thiophenol with the alkyl sulfonic acids obtained by sulfochlorination of paraflin hydrocarbons, dipentachlorophenyl disulfide, di pentachloro phenyltrisulfide, formaldehyde-bispentachlorophenylmercaptal, acetaldehyde bis pentachlorophenyl mercaptal, benzaldehyde-bis-pentachlorophenyl-mercaptal, furfurylaldehyde-bis-pentachlorophenyl-mercaptal, S-pentachlorophenyl-thioacetonitrile, N-phenyl-Spentachlorophenylthiourethane, hexamethylene di- (S pentachloro-phenylthiourethane), di-Spentachlorophenyl-dithio-carbonic ester, and the corresponding functional derivatives of the methyl tetrachloro thiophenol, ethyl tetrachlorothiophenol, butyl-tetrachloro-thiophenol, cyclohexyl-tetrachloro-thiophenol and isooctyl-tetrachlorothiophenol. Pentachloro-thiophenol, the zinc salt of pentachlorothiophenol, di-pentachlorophenyl-disulfide, benzoyl-pentachloroand acetyl-pentachloro-thiophenol have proved to be especially useful in practice.

Of the various penta-substituted thiophenols and their functional derivatives discussed above, the present application is particularly concerned with those selected from the class consisting of C 4 @sznson A o 4 A -QD 014 A or, A

and

s-sson A 01, A

'plasticized in the above described manner.

where A is selected from the class consisting of chlorine and alkyl group substituents in which the alkyl group has from 1 to 8 C-atoms.

The increased plasticizing effect of the said penta-substituted thiophenols over the hitherto used aromatic mercaptans, for instance, the trichloro-thiophenol, is achieved by the substitution of the hydrogen atoms in-the aromatic nucleus by chlorine or by chlorine and one alkyl, the substituents exerting an activation effect upon the mercapto group. The disulfides of the thiophenol, thionaphthol and the low chlorinated aromatic mercaptans, e. g. trichloro-thiophenols, accelerate the rate of plasticizing only to an immaterial degree- The sulfur bridge of the dipenta-substituted diphenyl-disulfides with at least 4 Clatoms in each nucleus, however, is loosened by complete substitution of the aromatic nucleus, to such an extent that they show in the plasticizing procedure an. activity which is only slightly inferior to that of the pentachlorothiophenol.

The new compounds according to the present invention are preferably employed in quantities of 0.1 to 0.5% for plasticizing unvulcanized natural rubber and in quantities of 0.25 to 3% for plasticizing synthetic rubber-like butadiene polymers and are equally suited for reclaiming vulcanized natural rubber and vulcanized rubber-like butadiene polymers.

The term synthetic rubber-like. butadiene polymers shall comprise the polymerizates of butadiene or its homologues, such as isoprene and dimethyl-butadiene. as well as copolymerizates of said compounds with other polylmerizable compounds, for instance styrene or acrylonitr' e.

The new penta-substituted thiophenol plasticizers may also be incorporated directly into the original latex as obtained from the rubber trees or into the stabilized latex ready for shipment or into the latex of the rubber-like butadiene polymers obtained by emulsion polymerization, the quantity of the new plasticizing agents being calculated on the. rubber content of the latex. After coagulating and Working up the latex in the usual manner the new plasticizing agent is present within the crude sheets in finely distributed form. The crude sheets are Of course, the new plasticizers are applied in a very finely dispersed form and derivatives are chosen which, for instance, owing to their wettability, their specific gravity etc., provide a uniform and stable suspension within the latex. Particularly suitable derivatives for application to latex are, for instance, the. free mercaptans, the diand trisulfides, the S-acyl derivatives and the zinc salts. The

new plasticizing agents may also be employed in combination with the known wetting agents.

The pentachloro-thiophenol may be prepared according to a known method by reacting the hexachloro benzene with alkali metal sulfides or alkali metal hydrosulfides in the presence of anhydrous lower aliphatic alcohols at temperatures between 110 and 130 C. According to the prior art process no. quantitative yields are obtained owing to the formation of undesired by-products which are partially contained in the thiophenols and which can be removed therefrom only by tedious purification methods. If the alcohol contains water, pentachloro phenol is simultaneously formed. by hydrolysis which can also be removed with difiiculty only.

According to the present invention pure penta-substituted thiophenols adapted for use as plasticizingagentsare obtained in simple manner while avoiding the above described difficulties by reacting hexa-substituted benzene containing at least 5 chlorine: atoms as substituents with alkali metal disulfides in the presence of an organic solvent containing at least one alcoholic hydroxy group. The reaction proceeds smoothly at temperatures between 70 and 130 C., however, the reaction is best accomplished by applying temperatures between 80 and 100 C.

Suitable starting materials for the new process, besides hexachloro-benzene, are pentachloro-monoalkyl-benzenes wherein the alkyl group may possess preferably from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as, for instance, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isobutyl and cyclohexyl. They may also contain more than 6 carbon atoms, e. g. isooctyl.

As alkali metal disulfides may be mentioned sodium disulfide and potassium disulfide. Said disulfides are preferably reacted under anhydrous conditions. When water 1s present, e. g; in the alkali metal disulfides employed, the quantity of alcohol is to be increased. In order to attain a quantitative reaction of the chlorinated benzene derivativesthe sodium or potassium disulfidehas to be applied in excess amounting to at least the 2.7-fold quantity of the equimolar amount which--calculated on the hexa-substituted benzeneis required for the formation of the bis-penta-substituted phenyl disulfide.

As organic solvents containing at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group, the lower aliphatic and cycloaliphatic alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and cyclohexanol may advantageously be employed. The reaction may be carried out also in polyvalent alcohols, for instance, ethylene glycol, butylene glycol or monoethers thereof, for instance, ethylene glycol, monomethyl ether or butylene glycol monomethyl ether.

In the reaction performed under the above described conditions only one chlorine atom of the hexa-substituted benzene is exchanged for the mercapto group. The alkali metal salts of the thiophenols thus obtained are isolated from the solutions by removing the solvent, for instance, by distilling off or by expelling with steam. For removing impurities, if any, it is advisable to take up the residue with water wherein the sodium salts of the thiophenols dissolve and to separate off the non-dissolved ingredients, for instance, by filtering. By acidifying'the aqueous solution with mineral acids e. g. HCl' and S02 the free mercaptans are precipitated.

The pentachloro-thiophenol and the tetrachloro-alltylthiophenols represent crystallized, colorless and almost odorless compounds being. insoluble in water, slightly soluble in ethyl alcohol and readily soluble in'hot aromatic hydrocarbons and in ligroin. They are readily soluble in cold chloroform. The heavy metal salts of pentachloro-thiophenol areinsoluble in water so that the mercaptans can be purified or isolated by means of these salts.

The alkaliand alkaline-earth metal salts of the pentasubstituted thiophenols are soluble in. water. They are readily converted into their disulfides by means of oxidizing agents, for instance, hydrogen peroxide, chlorine or potassium ferricyanide or by means of air applied to the alkaline solution of said thiophenols. The disulfides represent weakly yellow colored crystallized compounds.-

The aforsaid'functional derivatives may be produced in simple manner from the pentachloro-thiophenol or tetrachloro-alkylthiophenol. The zinc salts are obtained by reaction of the sodium saltsof the penta-substituted thiophenols in. aqueous-solution with ammoniacal zinc chloride solution. The acyl compounds. may be prepared in known manner by reacting thesodium salts. of the pentasubstituted thiophenols with the corresponding carboxylic acid chlorides in aqueous or organic media. Acylation may also be accomplished by means of carboxylic anhydride. preferably in the presence: of organic tertiary bases. The thioacetals are obtained from. the penta-substituted thiophenols and aldehydes or ketones in the presence of acid condensation agents, for instance, hydrochloric acid or anhydrous zinc chloride in indifferent organic solvents. The thiourethanes are preferably prepared by fusing pentachloro-thiophenol with isocyanates. The alkyl ethers may be obtained according to the conventional methods. with alkylating agents, for instance, dialkylsulfates. Compounds containing reactive halogen atoms, for instance, cyanogen chloride, cyanogen bromide, chloro-acetonitrile, chloro-acetic acid, chloro-acetic ester, 2-chloro-benzotriazol, readily react: with penta-substituted thiophenols. The polysulfid'es are obtained by introduction of sulfur; thus, for instance, trisulfide is formed by reacting penta-substituted thiophenols and sulfur dichloride.

The following. examples.- illustrate the'present invention without restricting it thereto, tliepartsbeing by weight.

Example 1 950 parts of methanol, 225 parts of 60% technical, water-containing sodium sulfide and 44 parts of sulfur areheated in a stirring autoclave at 80 to C. for 2 hours. Themixture is then cooled to 55 C., mixed with 284.4 parts of hexachloro-benzene and heated. at 80 to C. for further 15 hours; The: methanol is distilled off and the residue is. taken up with water. The aqueous solution formed is sucked ofi' while still warm,v non-reacted portions of hexachloro-benzene, if any, being removed thereby. The mercaptan is quantitatively precipitated from the cold filtrate asslightly colored product in relatively pure form': by addition of an aqueous solution of S02 or by introducing gaseous S02, care having to be taken that the pH-value is not smaller than 6. The preparation of a mercaptan being completely free from elementary sulfur is accomplished by desulfurizing the neutral-washed crude material with a aqueous sodium sulfite solution in water at 80 to 85 C. A technically pure pentachloro-thiophenol is thus obtained in a yield of 90 to 95% referred to hexachloro-benzene. The product melts between 228 and 235 C. depending on the purity of the hexachloro-benzene employed.

In the same manner the corresponding alkyl-substituted thiophenols are obtained from pentachloro-alkyl-benzenes for instance, pentachloro-toluene and pentachloro-ethylbenzene.

Example 2 282 parts of technically pure pentachloro-thiophenol are dissolved with heating to 60 to 80 C. in a solution of 41 parts of caustic soda in 2800 parts of water, the solution remaining slightly turbid by the di-pentachlorophenyl-disulfide formed by action of air. After cooling the solution to to C. a solution of 335 parts of potassium ferricyanide in 850 parts of water is dropped in with good stirring, the disulfide being quantitatively obtained thereby in light-yellow, very finely divided, almost pure form. After sucking off, washing and drying, the pure compound melting at 237 C. is obtained in form of coarse, orange crystals by crystallizing from chloro-benzene.

In the above reaction potassium ferricyanide may be replaced by other oxidizing agents, such as hydrogen peroxide, air or sodium hypochlorite.

Example 3 13 parts of sulfur dichloride at to C. are slowly introduced into a solution of 70.5 parts of pentachlorothiophenol in 775 parts of carbon disulfide. The solution is stirred at to C. for some hours and the solvent is removed by distillation. After cooling the residue is ground with water and sucked oil. After drying bispentachloro-phenyl-trisulfide crystallizes from hot chlorobenzene in yellow crystals melting at 192.5 to 194.5 C.

Example 4 564 parts of technical pentachloro-phenol or a corresponding quantity of wet pentachloro-thiophenol obtained as described in Example 1 are dissolved in a solu-. tion of 90 parts of caustic soda in 6000 parts of water at 70 to 75 C. with the exclusion of oxygen or air. Small non-dissolved portions are separated by sucking off. The clear, brown alkali salt solution of the mercaptan is mixed with good stirring at room temperature with an ammoniacal zinc-chloride solution consisting of 159.8 parts of 90% crystallized zinc-chloride, 1500 parts of water and 827 parts of ammonia (161 parts of NH3 in 1000 parts of water). After 5 hours stirring the finely divided precipitated zinc salt of the pentachloro-thiophenol is sucked OE and freed from salt by Washing with 5% ammonia and water. 574 parts of odorless and colorless zinc salt of pentachloro-thiophenol decomposing at a temperature above 345 C. with discoloration Without melting are obtained. The yield calculated on pentachloro-thiophenol amounts to 96 to 97%.

Example 5 423 parts of technical pentachloro-thiophenol or a corresponding amount of the product in the wet state are introduced into a solution of 64 parts of caustic soda in 1200 parts of water at 65 to 75 C. with the exclusion of air. After separating off small non-dissolved portions, 147 parts of benzoyl chloride are added at room temperature within 6 to 7 hours with stirring. After 15 hours stirring the precipitated benzoyl compound is sucked ofl, thoroughly Washed with a sodium bicarbonateor sodium carbonate solution and water and dried. Thio-benzoic acid-S-pentachloro-phenyl ester melting at 137 to 139 C. is obtained as slightly colored, odorless crystalline powder in comparatively pure form in a yield of 90 to 95 calculated on pentachloro-thiophenol. After complete purification by recrystallizing from acetone or benzene the product shows a melting point of 144.5 to 145 C.

The S-acyl derivatives with aliphatic monoor dicarboxylic acids or other aromatic carboxylic acids, for instance, acetic acid, propionic acid, the fatty acids of the first runnings in the paraffin oxidation with a carbon chain of about C8 to C12, stearic acid or oxalic acid, may

be obtained in the same manner. When the reaction is carried out in an anhydrous medium in the presence of tertiary bases, the anhydrides of the aforesaid carboxylic acids may also be utilized.

Example 6 3 kilograms of smoked sheets are masticated with the addition of the following compounds in a Werner Pfleiderer-mixer of the GK.6-type and the plasticity is determined by test samples drawn after certain periods indicated below.

plasticiy number a er amount, gg percent a q s s 10 mm. min. min. min.

pentachlorothiophenol,

M. P. 239 C 0. 2 510 190 175 165 1.2.4-trichlorothiophenol (67% in hard paraffin) 0. 27 510 240 180 180 Example 7 1 kilogram of a butadiene copolymerizate obtained from 25 parts of styrene and 75 parts of butadiene is masticated on the roller at 120 C. with the addition of the following compounds and the plasticity is determined gyl test samples drawn after certain periods indicated e ow.

plasticggg number a e amount, gg percent 0 C 0 rnin- 4 min- 8 minutes utes utes pentaehlorothiophenol,

M. P. 239 C 1. 5 120 560 250 260 1.2.4-trich1orothiophenol (67% in hard para 2.0 120 560 350 350 Example 8 1 kilogram of a butadiene copolymerizate obtained from 25 parts of acrylonitrile and 75 parts of butadiene are thermally plasticized in air with the addition of the following compounds under an overpressure of 3 atmospheres and the plasticity is determined by test samples drawn after certain periods indicated below.

40 kilograms of smoked sheets are masticated in a 45-liter Banbury mixer at 130 C. with 0.25% of the following compounds and at C. with 0.15% of the following compounds for 7 minutes and the plasticity is determined after this time. The crude sheet shows a plasticity number of 540.

amount, g gg percent 0 7 nattert S mu e benzoic acid-pcntachloro-thiophenyl 0.25 130 340 ester 130 295 4 0 205 Lmcsalt of the pcntachloro thiophenol. 15 150 without addition 130 380 D0 150 365 Example 10 V 3 kilograms of smoked sheets are mastic'ated with the addition 'of the following compounds at the said temperatures in a Werner-Pfleiderefimixer of the GK.6-type and the plasticity is determined by test samples drawn after certain periods indicated below.

l kilogram of smoked sheets is masticated on the roller at 120 C. with 0.5% of the following compounds and the plasticity is determined by test samples drawn after certain periods indicated below.

plasticity number a1'ter temperaamount percent a g 4 {3 12 mmmmmll'lmmutes utes utes utes benzenesulphonic acid- 'p'c'n'tachloro-thiophenylester,M.P.l93 197 C 0. 120 545 280 180 lormaldohyde-bispentachloro-phenylmorcaptal, M.P. 270 C 0. 5 120 545 185 140 100 benzaldehydmbispentachloro-phenylmctcaptal M.P.108 112 C 0. 5 120 545 185 170 125 Example 12 1 kilogram of smoked sheets is masticated on the roller at 120 C. w1th the addition of 0.50% of the following compounds and the plasticity 1s determlned by test samples drawn after certam periods indlcated below.

plasticity number after 0 min- 5 minminminutes utes utes utes ethyl-tetrachloro-phenyl merca-ptan M.P. 107-109 O 505 180 130 100 zinc salt of the ethyl-tetra-ehlorophenyl Inercaptan 505 170 105 70 N-phenyl-S-penta-chlorbphenyl thwurethane M.P. 172.5174 C 505 95 65 hex-amethylened i -(S-pentachlorophengzl thiourethane), 01.1. 186.0- 188.0 C 505 130 100 00 d i'- S penta'chloro-phenyl-di-thiocarbonic ester, M.P. 227.5-2285" O 505 65 40 d i S pcntachloro-phenyLthio-oxal1e 'es'ter, M.P. 258-259 C 505 100 00 55 S pentaehloro-phenyl-thio-aceto-nitrile 505 205 145 125 Example 13 100 parts by weight of a ground vulcanizate of a copolymerizate prepared from 75 parts of butadiene and parts of styrene containing about of carbon black, are mixed as usual with 2 parts of pentachlorothiophenol, 3 parts of fatty tar oil, 3 parts of brown-coal tar distillate and 3 parts of an Edeleanu extraction prodnot and treated in the reclaiming vessel with air of 3 atmospheres overpressure and steam of 4 atmospheres overpressure for minutes at a temperature of about 150 '0 corresponding to the partial pressure of the steam. Highly plastic and viscous reclaimed rubber with an average plasticity number of 530 is thus obtained which, either alone or in admixture with unvulcanized rubber, can be made into 'vulcanizates with good mechanicalproper'ties.

Reclaimed rubber with equal properties 'is obtained by replacing the pentachloro-thiophenol by 2 parts of the zinc salt of pentachloro thiophenol.

Example 14 50 kilograms of first quality ribbed smoked sheets are crushed onthe roller mill with cooling for 3 minutes and subsequently mastic'ated within 30 minutes. The temperatures at the front roll and the back'roll as well as the temperature of the elastom'e'rs and the plasticity number according to Williams are determined within the intervals indicated in the following table:

[Plasticity number of the non-masti'cated rubber: 515-30.]

tc'mpcrature, C rubber temperature, C.

- lasticity Time of plastieizlng p number blink roll i'ront roll without addition:

30 with addition of 0.25% of the zinc salt of pentnchloro-thiophenolaeee The acceleration of the mastication by addition of the zinc salt of pentachloro-thiophenol at temperatures below C. is evident from the above figures.

Example 15 Two portions of 40 kilograms each of a copolymerizate of 65 parts of butadiene and 35 parts of acrylonitrile are plasticized in a 45 liter Banbury k'neader for l5 minutes or 30 minutes respectively. The following plasticity 1. A plasticized elastomer selected from the group consisting of natural rubber, synthetic rubber-like butadiene polymers and their vulcanizates, containing, as a plasticizer, pentachloro-thiophenol.

2. A plasticized elastomer selected from the group consisting of natural rubber, synthetic rubber-like butadiene polymers and their vulcanizates, containing, as a plasticizer, the Zinc salt of pentachloro-thiophenol.

3. A plasticized elastomer selected from the group consisting of natural rubber, synthetic rubber-like butadiene polymers and their vulcanizates, containing, as a plasticizer, di-pentachloro-phenyl disulfide.

4. A plasticized elastomer selected from the group consisting of natural rubber, synthetic rubber-like butadienepolymers and their vulcanizates, containing, as a plasticizer, a compound selected from the class consisting of and where A is selected from the class consisting of chlorine and alkyl group substituents in which the alkyl group has from 1 to 8 C-atoms.

5 References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,223,085 Williams Nov. 26, 1940 10 2,234,204 Starkweather et a1 Mar. 11, 1941 2,495,467 Morris Jan. 24, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 15 816,453 France May 3, 1937 

4. A PLASTICIZED ELASTOMER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF NATURAL RUBER, SYNTHETIC RUBBER-LIKE BUTADIENEPOLYMERS AND THEIR VULCANIZATES, CONTAINING AS A PLASTICIZER, A COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF 